what are difference between C and C++?
Similarities between C and C++ are:
- Both the languages have the same syntax.
- Code structure of both the languages are same.
- the compilation of both the languages is about the same (not 100% sure, but it should be given that syntax & grammar are similar)
- They share the same basic syntax. Nearly all of C’s operators and keywords are also present in C++, and do the same thing.
- grammar, although C++ has a slightly extended grammar than Ruby that is all the OOP features introduce a few new operators but they both are similar else.
- Basic memory model of both is very close to the hardware.
- Same notions of stack, heap, file-scope and static variables are present in both the languages.
Main Differences:
C++ can be said a superset of C. Mainly added features in C++ are Object Oriented Programming, Exception Handling and Richer Library.
C++ can be said a superset of C. Mainly added features in C++ are Object Oriented Programming, Exception Handling and Richer Library.
Detailed Differences between C and C++ are:
| C | C++ |
|---|---|
| C was developed by Dennis Ritchie between the year 1969 and 1973 at AT&T Bell Labs. | C++ was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup in 1979. |
| C does no support polymorphism, encapsulation, and inheritance which means that C does not support object oriented programming. | C++ supports polymorphism, encapsulation, and inheritance because it is an object oriented programming language. |
| C is a subset of C++. | C++ is a superset of C. C codes can be run by C++ but C cannot run the C++ codes. |
| C contains 32 keywords. | C++ contains 52 keywords. |
| For the development of code, C supports procedural programming. | C++ is known as hybrid language because C++ supports both procedural and object oriented programming paradigms. |
| Data and functions are separated in C because it is a procedural programming language. | Data and functions are encapsulated together in form of an object in C++. |
| C does not support information hiding. | Data is hidden by the Encapsulation to ensure that data structures and operators are used as intended. |
| Built-in data types is supported in C. | Built-in & user-defined data types is supported in C++. |
| C is a function driven language because C is a procedural programming language. | C++ is an object driven language because it is an object oriented programming. |
| Function and operator overloading is not supported in C. | Function and operator overloading is supported by C++. |
| C is a function-driven language. | C++ is an object-driven language |
| Functions in C are not defined inside structures. | Functions can be used inside a structure in C++. |
| Namespace features are not present inside the C. | NAMESPACE is used by C++, which avoid name collisions. |
| Header file used by C is stdio.h. | Header file used by C++ is iostream.h. |
| Reference variables are not supported by C. | Reference variables are supported by C++. |
| Virtual and friend functions are not supported by C. | Virtual and friend functions are supported by C++. |
| C does not support inheritance. | C++ supports inheritance. |
| Instead of focusing on data, C focuses on method or process. | C++ focuses on data instead of focusing on method or procedure. |
| C provides malloc() and calloc()functions for dynamic memory allocation, and free() for memory de-allocation. | C++ provides new operator for memory allocation and delete operator for memory de-allocation. |
| Direct support for exception handling is not supported by C. | Exception handling is supported by C++. |
| scanf and printf functions are used for input/output in C. | cin and cout are used for input/output in C++. |
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